|
Assignment 9 Deadline, Nov. 5, 120 points What Supreme Court decisions have shaped our nation? What made them so important? How do they relate to the Constitution?
The Supreme Court, 1925
Description The United States Constitution is not just a document from another time. It connects to us, today. This is why it is often referred to as 'The Living Constitution'. The Judicial Branch interprets questions of Constitutionality. There are hundreds of rules in the Constitution, but understanding just what those mean to you and me in our everyday lives can take quite a bit of work. In this unit we are going to explore a few of the cases that affect us the most. Objectives Students will create and share a class lesson about the Supreme Court case they choose. Presentations will be assessed according to the rubric attached at the bottom of this page. Special instructions Select a partner or two. Select a case - one case may only be done once per period. Create your presentation and share it with the class. NOTE >> I'm well aware many, if not most of you, will want to create a Google or PowerPoint presentation, and that's fine. However, you may select the format of your choice. You will need to create a lesson - about 15 minutes long - that includes the following:
Options Marbury v. Madison, Judicial Review McCulloch v. Maryland, Federal Supremacy Scott v. Sandford, Slavery before the Civil War Plessy v. Ferguson, Separate but equal treatment for blacks Brown v. The Board of Education, School segregation is becomes illegal Miranda v. Arizona, The right to be informed of your right to counsel Mapp v. Ohio, Material obtained in unlawful searches cannot be used in court Tinker v. Des Moines, What are students' rights to self-expression and protest? New Jersey v. T.L.O., What is reasonable suspicion in public schools? Terry v. Ohio, What may, or may not, an officer search on a person, when the officer does not have a warrant? Gideon v. Wainwright, What are the legal rights to an attorney? Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier, What right does a school have to censor a publication?
First Hour Lessons Terry v. Ohio, Tyler, Carter New Jersey v. T.L.O., Sophia, Sabrina, Makenzie, Jocelynn Brown v. Board, Samuel, Erik, Seyi Texas v. Johnson, Ella, Alexa, Mia, Jaida Scott v. Sanford, Christian, Treyson Mapp v. Ohio, Katherine, Claire, Kaylie, Sadie Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier, Bridger, Shandee, Gael, Kyler
Fourth Hour Lessons Marbury v. Madison, Kaleb, Luke Tinker v. DesMoines, Caitlyn, Amy New Jersey v. T.L.O., Annie, Thessaly, Natalie, Abby Scott v. Sanford, Sadie, Kalea, Lyla, Elise Brown v. Board, Peyton, Payson, Joe, Owen Terry v. Ohio, Kayson Mapp v. Ohio, Brynlee, Macie, Autumn Plessy v. Ferguson, Cary, Austin, Kyler McCulloch v. Maryland, Ben, Andrew
Vocabulary
Summaries TLO, Natalie, Abby, Annie Two girls were caught smoking in the bathroom by a teacher. They were sent to the principal's office. They met with the vice principal, Theadore Choplick. T.L.O claimed not to be smoking. Choplick then searched her bag. He found cigarettes, a pipe, cigarette paper, and marijuana. He continued the search, he found a paper with a list of people who owed T.L.O. money. He concluded that she had been selling marijuana. T.L.O. was then taken to Juvenile Court. There she was sentenced to a year of probation and was suspended from school. T.L.O. appealed the conviction upon her. The case was taken to the Appellate Division. They thought that Choplick had the right to search T.L.O.'s purse. The case was adopted by the Supreme Court of New Jersey. They agreed with T.L.O. that Choplick had no right to search through her things. Finally the case ended at the Supreme Court of the United States; they said that Choplick had the right to act like a parent and search the bag. Appellate Division.Appellate Division. McCulloch v. Maryland, Ben
Terry v. Ohio, Josh, Kayson, Damian In the case of Terry V. Ohio, These three men went into a bank and a officer thought they looked suspicious so he patted them down and found weapons on John Terry and Richard Clinton. They were taken into court and they appealed to the Supreme Court about how the officer was breaking the fourth amendment and shouldn’t have been allowed to pat them down. The Supreme Court said that the officer didn’t violate the fourth amendment because he saw something suspicious and had the authority to keep everyone safe. They then appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court and they said that he was allowed to if he saw something suspicious.
Scott v. Sanford, Christian, Treyson What was the Case about? Is about how Dred Scott sued a slave owner’s wife when the husband died. So in the case he said that he should be a free man since he had lived in a free state for two years previously. Before moving back north with his master before he died. What made this case even start? Well dred scott was with his master when they went into a state where slaves can be free but they went back to the north then his master died and yet he was still a slave but then he sued his master’s wife for his freedom so that is how this case started . How does this case affect us today? Well it affects us today because in the 13th and 14 amendment it lets us have are own freedom and that slavery is no longer and now we are closer to being non-racial then we have ever been. Dred Scott was born an enslaved man in Virginia in 1799. In 1834, he was bought by a man named Dr. Emerson and then they moved to Illinois which was a free state, to Minnesota which was also a free state, then finally to Missouri. When Dr. Emerson died, Dred Scott sued Emerson’s wife because other slaves would sue their owners because they lived in free land. The first case’s verdict said that Scott wouldn’t be free. He went to the Missouri Supreme Court and they said that Missouri does not have to follow the laws of another state. When he took his case to the Supreme Court, there was much conflict about slavery. The question asked was, “Are people of African descent citizens of the United States? If so, is Dred Scott free or enslaved?” The final decision was that Dred Scott was not a free man as defined by the Constitution. This case caused the slave states to expand slavery which caused America to split into two halves, the slave states and the free states. Four years after Scott’s case, the Civil War began. Marbury V. Madison, Kaleb, Erice, Luke n 1801, President John Adams appointed many judges just before the end of his presidential term. Secretary of State John Marshall was supposed to finish the paperwork and deliver it to the new judges, but he did not deliver the papers to 17 of these judges. When Thomas Jefferson became president, he appointed James Madison as his new secretary of state. President Jefferson told Madison not to deliver the papers. He belonged to a different political party than President Adams and many of the judges he appointed. President Jefferson wanted to appoint his own judges from his own political party instead. Without the papers, the judges that President Adams appointed could not take office Brown v. The Board A quick summary of this article is that back then as you all know schools were separated by race and the white race. But during this article Linda Brown and her other school classmates went to court and they want the black race and the white race to go to the same school. People mainly the white race thought that being in separate schools is equal but it really isn’t. They said that being separate is being equal. T.L.O. v. New Jersey, Sophia, Makenzie, Sabrina, Jocelyn In 1984 at a school in New Jersey, a 14-year-old girl was found by a school employee smoking in the restroom with her friend. The employee immediately brought her to the principal’s office because she was violating multiple school rules. The girl, known as T.L.O., denied that she had been smoking at all. The employee who had claimed to have seen her stated that she had clearly seen her using cigarettes. The principal, still suspicious, then demanded that he go through her purse. There were many skeptical items in her purse including; cigarettes, rolling paper, marijuaina, a pipe, empty plastic bags, multiple one dollar bills, a list of students in the school who owed her money, and a note that proved that T.L.O. was dealing marijuana.
Tinker v. Des Moines, Amy In 1965, a community group in Des Moines, Iowa was protesting American involvement in the Vietnam War. They did this by wearing black armbands. Three students, John and Mary Beth Tinker and Christopher Eckardt, wanted to wear their armbands to school. The district found out about their plans of protest, and made a new rule saying that they would suspend anyone seen with a black armband until they stopped wearing it. However, these students didn’t back down, and following the rule, they were suspended until they agreed to take off the armbands. Both families sued the school district for violating freedom of speech. This then became a case and was taken to the Federal District Court and the US Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit, but they both sided with the schools. These citizens, not willing to give up, appealed to an even higher power. The Supreme Court. Finally, this court sided with the students saying that their freedom of speech was protected by the constitution, and the school was violating that.
Scott vs. Standford by: Sadie, Lyla, Kalea, Elise
Brown v. the Board, Erik, Sam, Seyi This is about the 14th Amendment. The Brown V Board is about how every race and gender should be treated equally. This is really important, because this is wrong how people are treated differently. The background is how black families had to go far to school even though there is a school right near them. They lost in the state court, so they brought it to the supreme court. They argued that the black school wasn't getting as good an education as the black school. It took them a year to decide, but they eventually made it so the school wasn't low educated. They argued about the 14th amendment how it states all citizens are treated equally. This was the start of the desegregation of the U.S.
Terry v. Ohio, Carter, Tyler, Clark Three men were stopped in Ohio and were searched by Officer McFadden.The officer found a pistol on two of the men and were charged with carrying concealed weapons. The case was taken to the Supreme court. The court decided the officer was doing his job. The three men were ruled guilty in an 8-1 vote. Now officers can stop anybody that is suspicious and do a Terry- Frisk. Mapp v. Ohio, Brynlee, Autumn, Macie 1. A police officer wanted to go into Mapp’s home to look for a person that was suspected in a bombing. Mapp said that she would not allow the police officer to come in unless they had a search warrant. 2. The decision was made that she would be sent to the Supreme Court because she said the officer violated the 4th amendment. 3. Two fundamental questions would be one: Did the police officer have a search warrant? And two: Did the officer violate the 4th Amendment? 4. The court decided she would go to jail but then she took it to the Supreme Court. 5. The proceedings mean to us that we need to respect others and follow the laws as well as the Constitution.
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier, Bridger, Shandee, Gael, Kyler our court about Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier was talking about a school newspaper it was talking about a teen pregnancy in May 1993 and the students did not need to read about that and they probably would not care about what it saying because the would get confused and on of the amendment that we were talking about was the first on were people in public schools are not necessarily equal for the people that don’t go to there scholl and they probably would not care either.
Mapp v. Ohio, Claire, Katherine, Sadie, Kaylie This case was about the fourth amendment. The police conducted an unlawful search of Mapp’s house looking for a bomber suspect. While searching they found materials that are illegal in Ohio. Mapp was sentenced to seven years in jail and was convicted because of these materials. Mapp thought that this was unconstitutional and appealed her case all the way up to the supreme court. The supreme court agreed with Mapp and appealed her crime. This caused the exclusionary rule to be instituted in all fifty states. The exclusionary rule states that any evidence found illegally can’t be used to convict anybody.
Tinker v. DesMoines, Caitlyn, Amy In 1965, a community group in Des Moines, Iowa was protesting American involvement in the Vietnam War. They did this by wearing black armbands. Three students, John and Mary Beth Tinker and Christopher Eckardt, wanted to wear their armbands to school. The district found out about their plans of protest, and made a new rule saying that they would suspend anyone seen with a black armband until they stopped wearing it. However, these students didn’t back down, and following the rule, they were suspended until they agreed to take off the armbands. Both families sued the school district for violating freedom of speech. This then became a case and was taken to the Federal District Court and the US Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit, but they both sided with the schools. These citizens, not willing to give up, appealed to an even higher power. The Supreme Court. Finally, this court sided with the students saying that their freedom of speech was protected by the constitution, and the school was violating that.
McCulloch v. Maryland, Andrew, Ben
The background of the case, congress made the first bank of the United States. People didn’t think congress should be able to create a bank because it didn’t say that in the constitution, and the federal government believed they had the implied power because the constitution says they have the power to regulate trade, coin money, etc. These made the states anxious for three reasons 1) they believed that the government was using too much power against them. 2) It went against their banks for members. 3) They found the managers not that trustworthy. Maryland wanted to make the Baltimore national bank not be there any more so they imposed a tax on every bank that was created outside the state. Maryland taxers came to collect the tax and McCulloch the bank manager refused to pay and was brought to court. He appealed until he reached the supreme court. Where in it was resolved. Does the constitution make it so the federal government has the choice to create a national bank? Is a state then allowed to tax that particular federal bank? The supreme court believed McCulloch was correct to deny paying the tax so the matter was settled the states were stuck with federal banks. We should have federal laws that are above state laws and federal laws are above state laws.
Texas vs. Johnson, Ella, Alexa, Jaida, Mia In Texas Gregory Johnson had set fire to an American flag during a convention. He was then arrested for violating a Texas law. He was charged for his actions that had offended many witnesses. He had believed that arresting him was violating the first amendment which protected freedom of speech. The court decided to favor Johnson since what he did was expressive. In 1989 the state had passed a flag protecting act as an impact. Johnson and three other people had decided to burn another flag on the US capitol steps. The other three were arrested but Joghnson was not held to the act.
Rubric Did the lesson answer the areas listed in the special instructions?
Did the lesson engage the class members?
Was the written summary clear and easy to understand? |
|
Links Printed files See the instructions. Media files Here is a link to a very good website about some of the most important cases. Here is a good link for information about Terry v. Ohio. This is a good link for information about some important Supreme Court cases. It is hosted by the United States Government. |
